特殊句型
强调句
It is/was (not) ... that ...
首先，写出一个普通句子
I want to go to America this summer.
提取强调的部分（不能用于动词或形容词，这种情况是主语从句）
放到**is/was(根据原来句子时态变化) **和 that的中间(假如我要强调America)
- It is America that I want to go to this summer.
that 可以根据要强调的东西换成who, whom, which
倒转句（主谓倒装）
倒装句因为要强调adj, adv, 介词短语，而存在
全部倒装
把普通的句子的主语和全部谓语动词移到主语前
A temple sits on the north bank of the River.
- On the north bank of the River sits a temple. (倒装)
部分倒装
把普通的句子的主语和部分谓语动词移到主语前
三种部分倒装用法：
- 否定副词或词组（Not only … but…, No sooner, Never, etc. )位于句前。
- Only位于句首。
- 虚拟条件句省略if
- 最后，把他们变成一般疑问句的形式
As an Example
1.
They not only developed such a device but they had also embed into it in a worldwide system.
Not only they did develop such a device but they had also embed into it in a worldwide system.
He had hardly had time to settle down when he left the country.
Hardly had he had time to settle down when he left the country.
2.
He achieved his goal only by working hard.
Only by working hard did he achieve his goal.
3.
If I were you, I would do it myself.
Were I you, I would do it myself.
省略句
并列句
..and/ or/ but …
not only … but also…
both… and …
只要前后有相同都可以省略。（一般省略后面部分）
定语从句的省略
关系词充当从句的主语
从句中有be
满足这两个条件可以（省略关系词和be）
状语从句的省略
从句主语和主句主语一致
从句中有be
满足这两个条件可以（省略从句主语和be）
- 非谓语动词充当定语和状语都来自于定语从句和状语从句的省略
虚拟语气
| if从句 | 主句 | |
|---|---|---|
| 假设过去 | had done | would/could/should/might + have done |
| 假设现在 | 过去分词(did)/were | would/could/should/might + do |
| 假设将来 | 过去分词(did)/were | would/could/should/might + do |
1.
I don’t know his phone number, so I won’t ring him up.
If I known his phone number, I would ring him up.
2.
I am not a bird, so I can’t fly to you right way.
If I were a bird, I could fly to you right way.
3.
He was not a student, so he could’t attend the lecture.
If he had been a student, he could have attended the lecture.